| Amar Singh Chamkila | |
|---|---|
| Birth name | Dunni Ram |
| Born | July 21, 1960 Dugri, India |
| Origin | Ludhiana |
| Died | March 8, 1988 (aged 27) |
| Genres | Punjabi songs |
| Occupations | Singer |
| Years active | 1979–1988 |
| Labels | HMV |
Amar Singh Chamkila (Punjabi: ਅਮਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਚਮਕੀਲਾ) (July 21, 1960 – March 8, 1988) was a controversial Punjabi singer, songwriter, and musician. His detractors lamented the vulgarity in his songs while his fans relished their sensual appeal. He was also among the major Punjabi live stage performers or Akhara singers. In his heyday, he was known to do three stage performances in a single day.
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Amar Singh Chamkila was born as Dunni Ram on July 21, 1960 in the village of Dugri near Ludhiana, Punjab, India. He was born into a poor family and was from the Chamar caste. The youngest child of Kartar Kaur and Hari Singh, he was educated at Gujar Khan Primary School in Dugri. His aspirations of becoming an electrician were unfulfilled and he found work at a Ludhiana cloth mill.
With a natural aptitude for music, he learned to play the harmonium and dholki. Punjabi musician Surinder Shinda has said that in 1978, Chamkila approached him for the first time on a bicycle. When Shinda heard the 18-year-old Chamkila sing, he had finally found the protege that he had been looking for. Chamkila would go onto play alongside Punjabi artists such as K. Deep, Mohammad Saddiq and Surinder Shinda. He wrote several songs for Shinda and accompanied him as a member of his entourage before deciding to pursue a solo career. It is rumored that Chamkila was happy enough writing songs, but he wasn't earning enough money to look after his family, so had to start singing.
He was married to Gurmail Kaur and had two daughters, Amandeep Kaur and Kamaldeep Kaur. Kamal has gone on to follow her father's footsteps by becoming a singer. She has released albums of her own, some of which contain unsung but written lyrics by her father. He later married his co-singer Amarjot while still being married to his first wife.
Adopting the stage name Amar Singh Chamkila – Chamkila in Punjabi means one that glitters – he partnered up with the female vocalist Surinder Sonia and recorded eight duets. The record was released in 1979 and was produced by Charanjit Ahuja. The cunningly worded lyrics, which he had written himself, became hits across Punjab and paved the way for the unique lyrical mastery his fans would come to expect.
In 1980, Chamkila left Sonia and established a short-lived stage relationship with Miss Usha. He left Miss Usha in the same year in favor of teaming up with a female folk singer named Amarjot. Not much is known about Amarjyot Kaur, except for the fact that she was previously married but left the marriage to pursue her dream of singing. Amarjot herself was a renowned singer and sang with Kuldip Manak. She would become Chamkila's permanent singing partner providing the female vocals for his duets, that is, the majority of the songs that he wrote.
Chamkila, for the most part, wrote his own lyrics, the majority of which were boyish and suggestive, yet fluent, commentaries on extramarital affairs, alcohol, sex and drug use. It could be argued that his lyrics have a double entendre meaning. The couple's appeal grew not only in rural Punjab and people of a rural background settled in urban areas and abroad, while they had a lot of detractors in the urban and gentrified classes. Around this time, Chamkila was considered by some to be more popular than singing legends such as Kuldip Manak, Gurdas Maan and Surinder Shinda.
Much of Chamkila's success may be attributed to the fan-base he acquired performing in free, open-air concerts (known as Akhade in Punjabi) around Punjab. Accompanying the couple would be a harmonium (a French organ) and dholki player and Chamkila would play the Tumbi. The concerts served as a medium for gaining exposure and testing people's response to new songs that were planned for future recordings. In addition to singing his own songs, Chamkila wrote several songs and sold them to other artists. Some of these include Main Digie Tilak Ke (Surinder Shinda), Gabroo Nu Marda (Jagmohan Kaur) and Deor Naal Nach Bhabiye (KS Kooner). Chamkila continued to work with Charanjit Ahuja but also experimented by working with SN Gulati & KS Narula.
Starting in 1985, Chamkila and Amarjot released three devotional LPs: Baba Tera Nankana, Talwar Main Kalgidhar Di Haan and Naam Jap Le. While the LPs were highly successful, none of the songs featured on them were written by Chamkila himself. The profits made from these LPs were reportedly donated to charities.
Chamkila's song Pehle Lalkare Naal was featured in the soundtrack of the 1987 Punjabi film Patola. He also recorded the song Mera Jee Karda for the Punjabi film 'Dupatta'. Both films fared well at the box office and had a positive impact on Chamkila's popularity. He also reportedly recorded a music video for one of his songs for the state-owned Doordarshan channel, but after his death his video was taken off the air.
Chamkila recorded in excess of ninety songs before he got killed in Mehsopur, Punjab in 1988. At the time of his death, he reportedly had 200 songs that had not been sung or recorded. Of these some were sung at stage shows including Dhee Mar Jai Badkar Loko, Jatt Di Dushmani and Akhiyan Di Maar Buri. Chamkila also wrote and sang another serious song on the folk hero Jeona Morh called Kaadha Soorma, which was remixed by Panjabi MC in 2007.
He also had many solo songs which have been sung in recent times by artists such as Nirmal Sidhu, Amar Arshi, and even his teacher Surinder Shinda. Some singers have used some of Chamkila's lyrics in their songs as part of their chorus. These include Nasha, Mere Yaar Ne (Gippy Grewal) and Shad De Vairne Yaari (Jazzy B).
Having arrived to perform in the village of Mehsampur, Punjab, both Chamkila and Amarjot were gunned down by AK47'S alongside Harjeet Gill singer & writer village CHELLA and other group members as they exited their vehicle on March 8, 1988 at approximately 2 o'clock. A gang of unknown youths shot several rounds fatally wounding the couple and other members of the entourage. The driver got away and ran for his life and saw the police coming towards him in a jeep, Chamkila's driver told the police commissioner what had happened as they got near the community well in Mehsopur where Chamkila was supposed to perform the disguised youths fled and the people of the village who had come to attend the Akhara bravely chased them, but they got away, the gun fire could be heard in the neighboring village of Darapur. Chamkila was lying in the hay stack near the well with shots fired on his chest.
The appeal of Chamkila's music prominently lay in both the content of his lyrics and the delivery of those lyrics.
Chamkila's recordings on the HMV music label have been recompiled for release on CD by Saregama.
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